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Assisted hatching, as its name implies, helps the embryo attach to the endometrial lining. For the embryo to implant to the uterus it has to shed its membrane. With this procedure, a hole is made in the membrane to help the embryo hatch. Hatching can be done chemically (with the help of an acid) or mechanically, but because its risks to the embryos are minimal, the preferred method is the laser. Laser assisted hatching involves opening a hole of the desired size in the membrane by beaming small amounts of laser rays. The membrane is completely removed when embryo biopsies are performed.
This procedure is usually performed on embryos whose membranes are thicker than normal and on thawed embryos. It is know to increase pregnancy rates by 10-15%. Creation date :08/04/2008 21:34Last update :08/04/2008 21:34
Insemination is the injection of specially washed healthy sperm into the uterus of the woman. The first insemination was performed on a couple who was having difficulty conceiving because the man's urethra was located below the normal location. A pregnancy was achieved by injecting sperm into the woman's cervix with the help of a heated injector . This procedure has gained considerable importance since the 1930s when it was shown that men without normal sperm counts were infertile. It is considered to be a step in infertility treatment before attempting IVF. It is usually performed on women with patent tubes who are ovulating either naturally or with the help of ovulation drugs. Ovulation is monitored with the help of an ultrasound and on the day of ovulation, the sperm is collected, washed and injected into the woman's uterus with the help of a catheter .
Creation date :06/04/2008 14:33Last update :06/04/2008 14:33
This procedure saves the sperm 1 hour of travel time as it normally takes sperm 2 hours to reach the egg. It also bypasses any problems which might interfere with sperm. Another advantage to this technique is that vitamins and other chemicals found in the sterile washing fluid increase the sperm's motility. Since most of the semen's liquid component is discarded, the sperm concentration increases.
The success rate with IUI is approximately 15% but this depends on many factors including the woman's age, and sperm, egg and uterus quality. Creation date :06/04/2008 14:36Last update :06/04/2008 14:36
If there is a surplus of quality embryos, embryo freezing can be performed. The first advantage of this procedure is that if a pregnancy is not achieved in the first trial, a second trial can be performed without having to go through an ovulation induction, egg retrieval or sperm collection procedure. It also gives the couple the chance of having a second child without having to go through the above procedures . Since a woman's age affects egg quality, the couple is given the chance to have children with the embryos produced with younger eggs.
The success rates of frozen embryo transfers are very close to those of fresh transfers in IVF centers who are well equipped. Embryo freezing and thawing should be done very carefully. The concentration of media that are used for freezing change depending on the stage of the freezing procedure. With the help of these media, the water contained in the embryos is slowly removed and is replaced by a chemical which freezes without breaking down the embryos. This is done step by step so as not to damage the embryos. When the time required for freezing is over, the tube where the embryos are stored is placed in the freezer. The freezer's quality is important for successful cryopreservation. The freezing program is determined by the embryologist and recorded onto the freezer and the program is started. The temperature is generally lowered slowly to - 30 degrees. After that, the temperature is further lowered quickly to -150 degrees and the embryos are then placed in liquid nitrogen containers that keep the embryos at -196 degrees.
No equipment is used during the thawing procedure. The media used during freezing are used in a reverse way. The embryos which are brought to room temperature are placed in the most concentrated liquid and their waiting times are carefully monitored. When their temperature reaches 37 degrees, they are placed in the incubators. They are then transferred to the woman's uterus on the same day (depending on the stage at which they were frozen) or are made to wait to develop further so that healthy embryos are chosen for transfer. We generally prefer the latter option as the quality of the embryos increases the chance of pregnancy.
Since the freezing and thawing procedures can be traumatic to the embryos, some fragile embryos may not survive the process and sometimes, when no quality embryos remain, the embryo transfer is cancelled. Creation date :08/04/2008 21:35Last update :08/04/2008 21:35
Sperm concentration, motility and morphology are the three main parameters determining whether the egg will be fertilized. The total sperm count post sperm washing should be minimum 5 million. At least 1/4 of this should show forward movement. Its morphology according to the Kruger criteria should also be at least 4%.
IUI can usually be attempted 3- 6 times but the woman's age and the previously performed treatments should be considered before any decision is made. Creation date :06/04/2008 14:35Last update :06/04/2008 14:35
Yes. The average live delivery rate per retrieval for IVF is a little better than the 20 % chance that a reproductively healthy couple has of achieving a pregnancy and carrying it to term in any given month .
Creation date :08/04/2008 21:30Last update :08/04/2008 21:30
Sex selection is only done when there's a risk of a sex-linked genetic disorder.
Creation date :08/04/2008 21:31Last update :08/04/2008 21:31
In vitro fertilization (IVF) offers a chance at parenthood to couples who until recently would have had no hope of having a biologically related child due to blocked or absent fallopian tubes or low sperm counts. In IVF, eggs are surgically removed from the ovary and mixed with sperm outside the body in a petri dish. After about 24 hours, the eggs are examined to see whether they have become fertilized by the sperm and are dividing into cells. These fertilized eggs (3rd day embryos) are then placed in the women's uterus, thus bypassing the fallopian tubes.
Creation date :06/04/2008 14:38Last update :06/04/2008 14:38
The average cost of an IVF cycle in Turkey is $­2,500. Like other extremely delicate medical procedures, IVF involves highly trained professionals with sophisticated laboratories and equipment, and the cycle may need to be repeated to be successful.
Creation date :08/04/2008 21:29Last update :08/04/2008 21:30
ICSI has given hope to many severe male factor infertile couples since it was introduced in assisted reproductive technologies. Men with severely low sperm counts, motility and morphology have no other choice than ICSI for fathering their own biological child. For example, ICSI is performed when the sperm count is below 100,000, motility is below 0-10% and abnormal sperm shape is above %96. Sperm can be found in the testes or epididymis of men whose semen lack sperm. ICSI should also be performed on patients who have not had successful fertilization with conventional IVF performed in the past, and on patients whose sperm lack the acrosomal enzymes capable of binding to the egg.
Creation date :08/04/2008 21:32Last update :08/04/2008 21:32
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